Learn how to use adjectives to describe something
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Gina: Hello and welcome to the Absolute Beginner series at FilipinoPod101.com. This is season 1, lesson 15, Enjoying the Filipino Summer! I’m Gina. |
| Betsey: Kamusta! And I’m Betsey! |
| Gina: In this lesson you'll learn how to describe things by using Adjectives. |
| Betsey: This conversation takes place at the park during the day. |
| Gina: It’s between Jane, Maya, and Trish as they’re about to meet up. |
| Betsey: And as we know, the speakers know each other so they’ll be using informal Filipino. |
| Gina: Ok, let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| A: Magandang umaga! Ang init ng panahon ngayon! |
| B: Oo nga eh. Ganito din ba kainit sa Pilipinas? |
| C: Oo. Palaging mainit sa Pilipinas. |
| A: Mainit pero minsan umuulan din sa hapon o sa gabi. |
| B: Ganun ba? Mahangin din ba? |
| C: Oo. Mahangin din. |
| Gina: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| A: Magandang umaga! Ang init ng panahon ngayon! |
| B: Oo nga eh. Ganito din ba kainit sa Pilipinas? |
| C: Oo. Palaging mainit sa Pilipinas. |
| A: Mainit pero minsan umuulan din sa hapon o sa gabi. |
| B: Ganun ba? Mahangin din ba? |
| C: Oo. Mahangin din. |
| Gina: Now let's hear it with the English translation. |
| A: Magandang umaga! Ang init ng panahon ngayon! |
| A: Good morning! The weather is hot today! |
| B: Oo nga eh. Ganito din ba kainit sa Pilipinas? |
| B: Yeah. Is it also this hot in the Philippines? |
| C: Oo. Palaging mainit sa Pilipinas. |
| C: Yes. It's always hot in the Philippines. |
| A: Mainit pero minsan umuulan din sa hapon o sa gabi. |
| A: It's hot but sometimes it rains in the afternoon or in the evening. |
| B: Ganun ba? Mahangin din ba? |
| B: Is that so? Is it also windy? |
| C: Oo. Mahangin din. |
| C: Yes. It's windy too. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Gina: Hey Betsey, I bet our listeners are wondering about the weather in the Philippines. So why don’t we talk about it? |
| Betsey: That’s a great idea Gina! The weather in the Philippines is sunny throughout the year. |
| Gina: Yes but when is it the hottest? |
| Betsey: It’s hottest during the months of April and May |
| Gina: So what do people do during these months? |
| Betsey: During these hot summer months, schools are on vacation and almost everybody goes to the beach or to resorts, where watersports are a must-do activity! |
| Gina: I heard this is also the time when the Catholic Church celebrates “holy week” right? |
| Betsey: Yes. Most people go back to their hometowns to go on vacation during this long holiday. |
| Gina: How about the coldest months? |
| Betsey: Those are December to February. |
| Gina: I bet most people are in a good mood at that time of the year. |
| Betsey: Absolutely! That’s because during these months the country celebrates its most joyous festivities, like Christmas, New Year and Valentine’s Day. |
| Gina: It sounds like a nice time of year! |
| Betsey: It is! |
| Gina: Ok, now let’s move on to the vocabulary section! |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Gina: The first word we shall see is... |
| Betsey: mainit [natural native speed] |
| Gina: hot |
| Betsey: mainit [slowly - broken down by syllable] mainit [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Betsey: panahon [natural native speed] |
| Gina: weather |
| Betsey: panahon [slowly - broken down by syllable] panahon [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Betsey: ngayon [natural native speed] |
| Gina: now, today |
| Betsey: ngayon [slowly - broken down by syllable] ngayon [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Betsey: Hapon [natural native speed] |
| Gina: afternoon |
| Betsey: Hapon [slowly - broken down by syllable] Hapon [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Betsey: palagi [natural native speed] |
| Gina: always |
| Betsey: palagi [slowly - broken down by syllable] palagi [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Betsey: Minsan [natural native speed] |
| Gina: sometimes |
| Betsey: Minsan [slowly - broken down by syllable] Minsan [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Betsey: Umulan [natural native speed] |
| Gina: to rain |
| Betsey: Umulan [slowly - broken down by syllable] Umulan [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Betsey: mahangin [natural native speed] |
| Gina: windy |
| Betsey: mahangin [slowly - broken down by syllable] mahangin [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Gina: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Betsey: And the first word is “minsan” |
| Gina: This means “sometimes” |
| Betsey: Yup. “minsan” is an adverb that denotes something that is done not so often. |
| Gina: It can be used in both formal and informal conversations. |
| Betsey: Right! “minsan” is frequently used by Filipinos in daily conversations. |
| Gina: For example? |
| Betsey: “Minsan, gumigising siya ng maaga” |
| Gina: Which is “Sometimes, he wakes up early” |
| Betsey: Yes. Where “gumigising” is the verb for… |
| Gina: “wakes up” and…. |
| Betsey: “maaga” in English means |
| Gina: “early” |
| Betsey: Precisely. |
| Gina: Great! What’s the next word? |
| Betsey: It’s “palagi” |
| Gina: An adverb that means “always”. |
| Betsey: Correct! “palagi” denotes that something, an action or event, occurs on a regular basis. |
| Gina: Let’s give an example. Say, “I always dream at night” |
| Betsey: That would be “Palagi akong nananaginip sa gabi” |
| Gina: Finally, it can be used both in formal and informal conversations. |
| Betsey: That’s right! |
| Gina: How about our third and final word for this lesson Betsey? |
| Betsey: The last word for this lesson is “ngayon” |
| Gina: That means “now” in English. |
| Betsey: “Ngayon” is an adverb that denotes the time at the moment. |
| Gina: It can also be used in formal and informal situations. For example… |
| Betsey: “Kumakain ako ngayon” |
| Gina: ...Is how you say “I am eating right now” Okay, now let’s move onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Gina: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to describe something using adjectives. How do we do that in Filipino? |
| Betsey: We describe things, places and people using the pattern “Adjective + article + noun”. |
| Gina: Hmm okay. How about if we want to say “The coffee is hot.” How do we say this in Filipino, Betsey? |
| Betsey: We use the pattern I just talked about. First comes the Filipino word for coffee, which is “kape”, and then hot which is “mainit”. |
| Gina: So using the pattern “Adjective + article + noun” we have… |
| Betsey: “Mainit ang kape” |
| Gina: That’s great! Can we give our listeners another example? This time let’s try the statement “May is happy”. |
| Betsey: We can translate this in Filipino as “Masaya si May” where “masaya” is an adjective that means “happy”. |
| Gina: And it still follows our pattern “Adjective + article + noun” |
| Betsey: Yup! |
| Gina: Okay, Betsey I have a question. |
| Betsey: What is it Gina? |
| Gina: If we want to describe things as “hot coffee”, rather than just say or express our opinion such as “the coffee is hot”, do we use the same pattern? |
| Betsey: No, we have to use a different pattern. |
| Gina: Ok, what’s that? |
| Betsey: We use the pattern “Adjective + na + noun”. |
| Gina: I see. For instance, “hot coffee” in Filipino will be… |
| Betsey: “mainit na kape”. |
| Gina: Which follows the pattern “Adjective + na + noun” |
| Betsey: Yes that’s right. However, this pattern “adjective +na + noun” is limited to adjectives ending in consonant letters. |
| Gina: Is that so? Well then, what do we use for the adjectives ending in vowels? |
| Betsey: For adjectives ending in vowels, we add the suffix “-ng” to the adjectives and use the pattern “Adjective + noun”. |
| Gina: Hmm. Okay I think I’ve got it. Let’s give an example. |
| Betsey: Okay. What do you want to describe? |
| Gina: Let’s say “beautiful lady” in Filipino. |
| Betsey: The adjective for beautiful in Filipino is “maganda” |
| Gina: That adjective ends in a vowel! |
| Betsey: Yes so it’s going to be “magandang babae”. |
| Gina: I hope our listeners got that too! Is this the only way to describe things in Filipino, Betsey? |
| Betsey: There are other ways too. |
| Gina: Oh really? What’s the other way? |
| Betsey: Another pattern used to describe things is “Noun/Subject + “ay” + Adjective”. |
| Gina: How does this differ from the previous patterns that we discussed? |
| Betsey: This pattern is not usually used in conversations, and is mostly just used in writing. |
| Gina: Hmm I see. Let’s try to convert our previous example “The coffee is hot” into this pattern. |
| Betsey: You mean “Mainit ang kape” right? |
| Gina: Yes that’s it. “The coffee is hot” |
| Betsey: Well, here it becomes “Ang kape ay mainit” |
| Gina: Will it have the same meaning? |
| Betsey: Yes. The same meaning. They only differ in form. |
| Gina: Alright! That wasn’t too difficult! |
| Betsey: I hope the listeners agree! And remember, you can always check the lesson notes. |
Outro |
|---|
| Gina: Okay, that’s it for this lesson. |
| Betsey: Thank you for listening, everyone. |
| Gina: See you next time! |
| Betsey: Paalam. |
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